Mexico Tightens Travel Rules On Peruvians In A Show Of Visa Diplomacy To Slow Migration To US

Boulevard, California  — Julia Paredes believed that her migration to the United States was either now or never. Mexico was just days away from needing visas for Peruvian travelers. If she didn’t move immediately, she’d have to embark on a more dangerous, clandestine voyage overland to join her sister in Dallas.

Mexico began requiring visas for Peruvians on Monday in response to a significant surge of migrants from the South American country, following similar actions by Venezuelans, Ecuadorians, and Brazilians. It removed the possibility of flying to a Mexican city near the US border, like Paredes, 45, did just before the deadline.

“I had to treat it as an emergency,” said Paredes, who worked delivering lunch to miners in Arequipa, Peru, and borrowed money to fly to Tijuana, Mexico, across the border from San Diego. Last month, traffickers led her through a remote hole in the border wall to a dirt lot in California, where she and about 100 other migrants from around the world chilled over campfires after a morning drizzle while waiting for overloaded Border Patrol agents to bring them to a processing station.

AP – VOR News Image

Mexico Tightens Travel Rules On Peruvians In A Show Of Visa Diplomacy To Slow Migration To US

Senior US officials addressed reporters ahead of a summit of top diplomats from approximately 20 Western hemisphere countries this week in Guatemala. They praised Mexico’s crackdown on air travel from Peru and described visa restrictions as an important instrument for combating illegal migration.

Critics argue that banning air travel fosters more risky decisions. Although the pause was brief, illegal migration by Venezuelans fell sharply after Mexico enforced visa requirements in January 2022. Last year, Venezuelans accounted for about two-thirds of the record-breaking 520,000 migrants who crossed the Darien Gap, a notorious jungle that spans portions of Panama and Colombia.

Last year, more than 25,000 Chinese traveled through Darien. They typically fly to Ecuador, a country with little travel restrictions, and then illegally cross the US border in San Diego to request asylum. With an immigration court backlog of over 3 million cases, it takes years to resolve such claims, allowing people to obtain work permits and establish roots.

“People are going to come no matter what,” said Miguel Yaranga, 22, who flew from Lima, Peru’s capital, to Tijuana before being released by Border Patrol on Sunday at a San Diego bus stop. He received orders to appear in immigration court in New York in February 2025, which perplexed him because he had informed authorities he would settle with his sister on the opposite side of the country, in Bakersfield, California.

According to Jeremy MacGillivray, deputy chief of the International Organization for Migration’s Mexico mission, Peruvian migration will reduce “at least at the beginning” and then rebound as individuals move to travel through the Darien Gap and to Central America and Mexico.

Last month, Mexico said that it will need visas for Peruvians for the first time since 2012 in response to a “substantial increase” in illegal migration. Large-scale Peruvian migration to Mexico began in 2022. Peruvians were stopped an average of 2,160 times each month from January to March this year, up from a monthly average of 544 times in 2023.

Peruvians also began arriving at the US border in 2022. The US Border Patrol apprehended Peruvians an average of 5,300 times per month last year, dropping to 3,400 from January to March amid Mexico’s massive immigration campaign.

Peru promptly reciprocated Mexico’s visa demand but altered its direction after facing criticism from the country’s tourism industry. Peru stated in its reversal that it is a member of a regional economic bloc that includes Mexico, Chile, and Colombia.

AP – VOR News Image

Mexico Tightens Travel Rules On Peruvians In A Show Of Visa Diplomacy To Slow Migration To US

According to Adam Isaacson, an analyst at the Washington Office on Latin America, Peru’s membership in the Pacific Alliance with Mexico gave its people visa-free travel longer than in other countries.

It is unknown whether Colombia, another major source of migration, will be next, but Isacson claims Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador has a “lovefest” with his Colombian counterpart, Gustavo Petro, while his relations with Peru’s administration are tense.

Colombians frequently rank among the top nationalities of migrants arriving at Tijuana’s airport. Many stay in motels before being guided to the boulder-strewn mountains east of the city, where they cross through border wall holes and walk into dirt lots designated as waiting stations by the Border Patrol.

Bryan Ramírez, a 25-year-old Colombian, arrived in the United States with his girlfriend last month, just two days after flying from Bogota to Cancun, Mexico, and then to Tijuana. He waited with others overnight for Border Patrol authorities to pick him up as chilly rain and strong winds whipped over the crackle of high-voltage power lines.

The group waiting near Boulevard, a small, vaguely defined rural community, included several Peruvians who claimed to have come for economic opportunities and to flee violence and political concerns.

Peruvians can still bypass the Darien jungle by traveling to El Salvador, which granted them visa-free travel in December in exchange for a similar action by Peru’s government. However, they would still have to travel overland via Mexico, where many are robbed or abducted.

Mexico Tightens Travel Rules On Peruvians In A Show Of Visa Diplomacy To Slow Migration To US

Ecuadorians, who have required visas to enter Mexico since September 2021, can also fly to El Salvador, albeit not all of them do. Oscar Palacios, 42, explained that he walked through Darien since he couldn’t afford to fly.

Palacios, who abandoned his wife and year-old child in Ecuador with plans to financially support them in the United States, said it took him two weeks to get from his house near the violent city of Esmeralda to Mexico’s border with Guatemala. It took him two months to cross Mexico because immigration officials turned him around three times and bused him back to the country’s southern region. He claimed he was routinely robbed.

After three nights in a motel, Palacios arrived in Tijuana and entered the United States. A Border Patrol agent recognized him with migrants from Turkey and Brazil and drove them to a dirt lot to wait for a van or bus to transport them to a processing station. Looking back on the adventure, Palacios stated that he would rather cross the Darien Gap 100 times than Mexico just once.

SOURCE – (AP)